Mengenal Descriptive Text: Pengertian, Struktur, dan Contoh

JAKARTA - Descriptive text merupakan jenis teks Bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan atau menggambarkan suatu hal, seperti orang, tempat, hewan, atau suatu benda.

Tujuan dari Descriptive Text adalah untuk menggambarkan sesuatu secara detail dan jelas yang menjadi topik tulisan.

Descriptive text juga memiliki struktur yang membedakannya dengan teks lainnya. Berikut struktur descriptive text yang wajib untuk diikuti.

Berikut Struktur Descriptive Text

1. Identification (Identifikasi)

Merupakan bagian pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran umum dari suatu objek atau topik kepada para pembaca sebelum dideskripsikan lebih detail dan jelas.

2. Description (Deskripsi)

Merupakan bagian isi yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan suatu objek atau topik yang ingin diceritakan penulis secara rinci.

Baca juga: Kalimat Passive Voice: Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh

Berikut Contoh Descriptive Text Singkat

1. My Classroom

(Identification)
This is my classroom. My classroom is big, neat and clean.

(Description)

It is about 10 x 9 meters. The wall color is white. There are four glass doors and 6 windows. There are thirty desks for students and two desks for teachers. One teacher desk is in front of the class and another one is in the back. The students’ desks are gray and light blue. While the teachers’ desks are white and brown. All desks are made of wood and iron. There are two bookshelves and two whiteboards in front of the class. I feel really comfortable studying in my classroom.

2. Morty My Little Bunny

(Identification)

I have a cute little bunny, named Morty. I adopted Morty when he was two months old.

(Description)

My bunny has four little cute feet and he likes to jump to my bed. His ears are long and usually his ears like to cover his chubby cheeks. His fur is brown and unlike other rabbits, Morty’s favorite food is bananas. Whenever I eat a banana, he will run and jump to me, so he can take a bite. Now, Morty is three months old and he can jump even higher than the first day I took him home.

3. Scorpions

(Identification)
This is one of the largest of the insect tribe. It is met with in different countries, and of various sizes, from two or three inches to nearly a foot in length: it somewhat resembles a lobster, and casts its skin, as the lobster does its shell.

(Description)
Scorpions are common in hot countries: they are very bold and watchful: when anything approaches, they erect their tails, and stand ready to inflict the dire sting.

In some parts of Italy and France, they are among the greatest pests that plague mankind: they are very numerous, and are most common in old houses, in dry or decayed walls, and among furniture, insomuch that it is attended with, much danger to remove the same: their sting is generally a very deadly poison, though not in all cases, owing to a difference of malignity of different animals, or some other cause.

In the time of the children of Israel, scorpions were a plague in Egypt and Canaan, as appears by the sacred writings.

4. My Lovely Dog

(Identification)
My father bought me a present I’ve wanted for years. It’s a dog. A puppy to be exact. I called him Ross.

Baca juga: Teks Prosedur dalam Bahasa Inggris: Pengertian, Tujuan, Struktur, dan Contoh

(Description)
Ross is a small puppy. His size is as big as the palm of my hand. Ross is so fragile. Sometimes I am afraid I will hurt him if I want to take him up. Dad said he found Ross near our house, crying looking for his mom.

But Dad can’t see her, so Dad decides to bring him home and give him some comfort. Ross is a good eater. He always finished everything we gave him. Now, it’s been a year since Ross came to our family. His small body has grown up into the size of a football. Ross is a good dog, and we love him so much.

5. General Sudirman

(Identification)
General Sudirman is one of the most admirable historical figures in Indonesia. He was a TNI General during the Dutch Military Aggression after the Independence Proclamation of Indonesia.

(Description)
He was born in Purbalingga, Central Java, on January 24, 1916. Since childhood, he was known as a diligent and intelligent student. After graduating from college, he worked as a teacher at an elementary school.

But at the age of 28, Sudirman chose to stop being a teacher and join the PETA (Pembela Tanah Air) troops. Soon after that, he became the leader of the guerrilla war and fought to protect Indonesia from the Dutch who wanted to continue the colonization.

In the midst of his struggle, Sudirman suffered from tuberculosis (TBC). Despite that, he continued to lead the Indonesian military forces while being carried on a stretcher.

At the age of 34 years, General Sudirman passed away due to his illness. He died a few weeks after the Dutch admitted defeat to Indonesia. He was buried in the Taman Makam Pahlawan Semaki in Yogyakarta and is remembered as one of Indonesia’s Greatest Generals.

6. My Headmaster

(Identification)
My headmaster is Mr. Bambang. Many students are afraid of Mr. Bambang in the first impression.

(Description)
Mr. Bambang has tall and big body. He has mustache and beard, that makes him looks scary. But, Mr. Bambang is actually a funny person. He likes to tell jokes and funny stories. Mr. Bambang also a caring and helpful person. He is also very responsible with his job. Although his appearence is scary, Mr. Bambang's personality is very friendly.

7. My Older Sister

(Identification)
I have an older sister. Her name is Karina. I call her ‘Kak Karin’ and she is seven years older than me. Although we are siblings, we have some different characteristics and personalities.

(Description)
Karin has black wavy hair, but she dyed it brown. She is 169 cm tall and has long legs. Her skin is tanned because she likes to travel. She also has nice facial features. Her face is small, with round eyes and a pointed nose.

People like to see her smile and laugh because she has a gummy smile. My sister is pretty but she always denies it. She is also kind to everyone. She likes to buy me food and ask me to the cinema.

Yet sometimes she can annoy my mother. She rarely cleans her room because she is quite busy. She often sleeps a lot on weekend due to her working schedule which is from Monday to Saturday. My sister is a hard-working person who I adore so much. She is the type of older sister who can be relied on.

MG/Shandya Pricilla